Norovirus 101

Norovirus, sometimes called the "stomach flu," is one of the most common causes of nausea and vomiting in the U.S. Although the illness is short-lived, it can be highly contagious and unpleasant. At Homestead Direct Primary Care, we want to equip you with the knowledge to stay healthy and recover quickly if you or a loved one contracts it.

What Are the Symptoms of Norovirus?

Symptoms typically appear 12–48 hours after exposure and include:

• Nausea

• Vomiting

• Diarrhea (can be watery but not bloody)

• Stomach cramps

• Mild fever, chills, or body aches

• Fatigue and weakness

For most people, symptoms resolve within 1–3 days, but dehydration can complicate recovery.

How to Avoid Contracting Norovirus

Norovirus spreads easily, often through contaminated food, water, surfaces, or close contact with an infected person. To reduce your risk:

1. Wash Your Hands Frequently: Use soap and water, especially after using the bathroom, changing diapers, or before eating/preparing food. Hand sanitizers are NOT effective against norovirus.

2. Clean and Disinfect Surfaces: Use a bleach-based cleaner to disinfect high-touch areas like countertops, door handles, and bathroom fixtures.

3. Practice Food Safety:

   • Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly.

   • Cook shellfish to an internal temperature of at least 145°F.

   • Avoid preparing food for others while you’re sick or within 48 hours of symptom resolution.

4. Stay Home When Sick: Minimize the spread by isolating yourself until symptoms subside.

Treatment Options for Norovirus

Unfortunately, there’s no specific antiviral treatment for norovirus. Management focuses on symptom relief and preventing complications like dehydration:

1. Hydrate, Hydrate, Hydrate

   • Why It’s Important: Diarrhea and vomiting can lead to rapid fluid loss.

   • What to Use: Water, oral rehydration solutions (like Pedialyte, Gatorade), or clear broths are ideal. Avoid caffeinated or sugary drinks, as they can worsen dehydration, or just water them down if that’s all that sounds good to you.

   • Call your doctor to see if an antinausea medicine like ondansetron might be a good choice for you.

2. Ease Nausea and Cramps

   • Sip small amounts of clear fluids or suck on ice chips to avoid overwhelming your stomach. Set a timer to remind you to take a small sip every 5 minutes.

   • Over-the-counter medications like bismuth subsalicylate (e.g., Pepto-Bismol) may help with diarrhea, but consult your doctor before using these.

3. Rest

   • Allow your body time to recover by resting as much as possible.

How to Prevent a Hospital Visit

The main risk with norovirus is dehydration, especially for young children, older adults, and those with weakened immune systems. Prevent dehydration by:

• Drinking fluids consistently, even in small amounts.

• Watching for signs of dehydration, such as:

  • Dry mouth or lips

  • Dark urine or infrequent urination

  • Dizziness, fatigue, or confusion

When to See a Doctor

Although most people recover at home, medical attention is necessary if you or a loved one experiences:

• Severe or persistent vomiting and diarrhea lasting more than 3 days

• Signs of dehydration that don’t improve with fluids

• Bloody stool or high fever

• Symptoms in a very young child, elderly person, or someone with a chronic illness

At Homestead Direct Primary Care, we’re here to help you recover from norovirus and stay healthy. If you’re unsure whether you need medical attention or want advice on managing symptoms, don’t hesitate to contact us. Stay safe, Colorado!